White Space in Design: Why Empty Space Increases Conversions
White space is not empty space—it’s a strategic design tool that improves clarity, focus, and conversion rates. Learn how using space intentionally can make every element on your page more effective.
What Is White Space?
White space is the empty area between and around design elements. Despite the name, it doesn’t have to be white—it refers to any unmarked space that helps structure content.
Types of White Space
Macro white space
Large spaces between major layout sections, margins, and content blocks.
Micro white space
Smaller spacing such as line height, letter spacing, padding inside buttons, and gaps between UI elements.
Both work together to create balance and readability.
The Science Behind White Space
White space is grounded in cognitive science, not aesthetics.
Reduced Cognitive Load
Cluttered layouts overload the brain. White space helps users process information by grouping related elements and separating unrelated ones.
Studies show proper spacing can increase comprehension by nearly 20%.a
Improved Focus and Attention
Elements surrounded by space naturally attract attention. This is why minimal layouts often feel more premium and intentional.
Enhanced Readability
Adequate line height and margins significantly improve reading speed and comprehension, especially for long-form content.
How White Space Increases Conversions
Higher CTA Click-Through Rates
Buttons with sufficient surrounding space are easier to notice and click. Increasing padding alone has been shown to dramatically increase CTR.
Lower Bounce Rates
Pages that feel calm and organized encourage exploration instead of immediate exits.
Improved Form Completion
Well-spaced form fields reduce perceived complexity and increase completion rates.
Better Brand Perception
Minimal layouts signal confidence, professionalism, and trust.
Practical Ways to Add White Space
Increase Margins
Give your content room to breathe, especially on desktop layouts.
Add Section Padding
Clear separation between sections improves scanability.
Improve Line Height
Aim for 1.5–1.7x font size for body text.
Group Related Elements
Use spacing to visually communicate relationships.
Use White Space Around CTAs
Your most important actions deserve isolation.
Common White Space Mistakes
Treating space as wasted real estate
Inconsistent spacing systems
Ignoring mobile spacing needs
Overlooking micro white space
Testing White Space Effectiveness
The Blur Test
The Blur Test, blurring your layout reveals whether key elements stand out.
The Squint Test
If structure disappears when squinting, spacing needs work.
User Testing
User behavior reveals whether spacing supports clarity.
A/B Testing
Test spacing changes and let conversion data decide.
Conclusion: The Confidence of Restraint
White space improves comprehension, focus, and conversions.
The strongest designs are not the loudest—but the clearest.